/ TIME: Almanac 1993 / TIME Almanac 1993.iso / time / 051589 / 05158900.011

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|00000030| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000040| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000050| 53 43 49 45 4e 43 45 2c | 20 50 61 67 65 20 36 33 |SCIENCE,| Page 63|
|00000060| 01 01 4f 7a 6f 6e 65 20 | 44 65 66 65 6e 73 65 0d |..Ozone |Defense.|
|00000070| 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 41 6e 20 | 61 67 72 65 65 6d 65 6e |.....An |agreemen|
|00000080| 74 20 74 6f 20 73 70 65 | 65 64 20 75 70 20 74 68 |t to spe|ed up th|
|00000090| 65 20 70 68 61 73 65 6f | 75 74 20 6f 66 20 68 61 |e phaseo|ut of ha|
|000000a0| 72 6d 66 75 6c 20 43 46 | 43 73 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a |rmful CF|Cs......|
|000000b0| 20 20 20 20 47 65 74 74 | 69 6e 67 20 6c 61 72 67 |    Gett|ing larg|
|000000c0| 65 20 6e 75 6d 62 65 72 | 73 20 6f 66 20 6e 61 74 |e number|s of nat|
|000000d0| 69 6f 6e 73 20 74 6f 20 | 61 67 72 65 65 20 6f 6e |ions to |agree on|
|000000e0| 20 61 6e 79 74 68 69 6e | 67 2c 0d 0a 65 73 70 65 | anythin|g,..espe|
|000000f0| 63 69 61 6c 6c 79 20 64 | 65 6c 69 63 61 74 65 20 |cially d|elicate |
|00000100| 70 6f 6c 69 63 79 20 69 | 73 73 75 65 73 2c 20 69 |policy i|ssues, i|
|00000110| 73 20 6e 6f 20 65 61 73 | 79 20 6a 6f 62 2e 20 42 |s no eas|y job. B|
|00000120| 75 74 20 6e 6f 77 20 74 | 68 61 74 0d 0a 73 63 69 |ut now t|hat..sci|
|00000130| 65 6e 74 69 73 74 73 20 | 68 61 76 65 20 63 6f 6e |entists |have con|
|00000140| 76 69 6e 63 65 64 20 70 | 6f 6c 69 63 79 6d 61 6b |vinced p|olicymak|
|00000150| 65 72 73 20 74 68 61 74 | 20 74 68 65 20 65 61 72 |ers that| the ear|
|00000160| 74 68 27 73 20 6f 7a 6f | 6e 65 0d 0a 6c 61 79 65 |th's ozo|ne..laye|
|00000170| 72 20 69 73 20 69 6e 20 | 67 72 61 76 65 20 64 61 |r is in |grave da|
|00000180| 6e 67 65 72 2c 20 67 6f | 76 65 72 6e 6d 65 6e 74 |nger, go|vernment|
|00000190| 73 20 61 72 65 20 6d 6f | 76 69 6e 67 20 77 69 74 |s are mo|ving wit|
|000001a0| 68 20 75 6e 75 73 75 61 | 6c 0d 0a 73 70 65 65 64 |h unusua|l..speed|
|000001b0| 20 61 6e 64 20 72 65 73 | 6f 6c 76 65 2e 20 4d 65 | and res|olve. Me|
|000001c0| 65 74 69 6e 67 20 69 6e | 20 48 65 6c 73 69 6e 6b |eting in| Helsink|
|000001d0| 69 20 6c 61 73 74 20 77 | 65 65 6b 2c 0d 0a 72 65 |i last w|eek,..re|
|000001e0| 70 72 65 73 65 6e 74 61 | 74 69 76 65 73 20 66 72 |presenta|tives fr|
|000001f0| 6f 6d 20 38 36 20 63 6f | 75 6e 74 72 69 65 73 20 |om 86 co|untries |
|00000200| 73 61 69 64 20 74 68 65 | 79 20 66 61 76 6f 72 65 |said the|y favore|
|00000210| 64 20 61 20 74 6f 74 61 | 6c 20 62 61 6e 0d 0a 6f |d a tota|l ban..o|
|00000220| 6e 20 63 65 72 74 61 69 | 6e 20 63 68 6c 6f 72 6f |n certai|n chloro|
|00000230| 66 6c 75 6f 72 6f 63 61 | 72 62 6f 6e 73 2c 20 6d |fluoroca|rbons, m|
|00000240| 61 6e 2d 6d 61 64 65 20 | 63 68 65 6d 69 63 61 6c |an-made |chemical|
|00000250| 73 20 62 65 6c 69 65 76 | 65 64 20 74 6f 0d 0a 62 |s believ|ed to..b|
|00000260| 65 20 64 65 73 74 72 6f | 79 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 |e destro|ying the|
|00000270| 20 6f 7a 6f 6e 65 2c 20 | 62 79 20 74 68 65 20 65 | ozone, |by the e|
|00000280| 6e 64 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 20 63 65 6e 74 75 72 |nd of th|e centur|
|00000290| 79 20 61 74 20 74 68 65 | 0d 0a 6c 61 74 65 73 74 |y at the|..latest|
|000002a0| 2e 20 54 68 61 74 20 67 | 6f 65 73 20 66 61 72 20 |. That g|oes far |
|000002b0| 62 65 79 6f 6e 64 20 74 | 68 65 20 31 39 38 37 20 |beyond t|he 1987 |
|000002c0| 4d 6f 6e 74 72 65 61 6c | 20 50 72 6f 74 6f 63 6f |Montreal| Protoco|
|000002d0| 6c 2c 20 77 68 69 63 68 | 0d 0a 63 61 6c 6c 65 64 |l, which|..called|
|000002e0| 20 66 6f 72 20 61 20 35 | 30 25 20 63 75 74 20 69 | for a 5|0% cut i|
|000002f0| 6e 20 43 46 43 20 6d 61 | 6e 75 66 61 63 74 75 72 |n CFC ma|nufactur|
|00000300| 65 20 62 79 20 31 39 39 | 39 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 |e by 199|9.....  |
|00000310| 20 20 41 74 20 48 65 6c | 73 69 6e 6b 69 20 74 68 |  At Hel|sinki th|
|00000320| 65 20 63 6f 6e 66 65 72 | 65 65 73 20 77 65 72 65 |e confer|ees were|
|00000330| 20 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 69 | 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 6c | followi|ng the l|
|00000340| 65 61 64 20 6f 66 20 74 | 68 65 0d 0a 55 2e 53 2e |ead of t|he..U.S.|
|00000350| 20 61 6e 64 20 45 75 72 | 6f 70 65 61 6e 20 43 6f | and Eur|opean Co|
|00000360| 6d 6d 75 6e 69 74 79 2c | 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 61 |mmunity,| which a|
|00000370| 67 72 65 65 64 20 74 6f | 20 61 20 73 69 6d 69 6c |greed to| a simil|
|00000380| 61 72 20 70 72 6f 70 6f | 73 61 6c 0d 0a 65 61 72 |ar propo|sal..ear|
|00000390| 6c 69 65 72 20 74 68 69 | 73 20 79 65 61 72 2e 20 |lier thi|s year. |
|000003a0| 54 68 65 20 6e 65 77 20 | 73 65 6e 73 65 20 6f 66 |The new |sense of|
|000003b0| 20 75 72 67 65 6e 63 79 | 20 73 74 65 6d 73 20 66 | urgency| stems f|
|000003c0| 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 0d | 0a 67 72 6f 77 69 6e 67 |rom the.|.growing|
|000003d0| 20 72 65 63 6f 67 6e 69 | 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 | recogni|tion of |
|000003e0| 74 68 65 20 69 6d 70 6f | 72 74 61 6e 63 65 20 6f |the impo|rtance o|
|000003f0| 66 20 74 68 65 20 73 74 | 72 61 74 6f 73 70 68 65 |f the st|ratosphe|
|00000400| 72 69 63 20 6f 7a 6f 6e | 65 0d 0a 6c 61 79 65 72 |ric ozon|e..layer|
|00000410| 2e 20 49 74 20 61 62 73 | 6f 72 62 73 20 73 6f 6d |. It abs|orbs som|
|00000420| 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 | 20 73 75 6e 27 73 20 75 |e of the| sun's u|
|00000430| 6c 74 72 61 76 69 6f 6c | 65 74 20 72 61 64 69 61 |ltraviol|et radia|
|00000440| 74 69 6f 6e 2c 20 77 68 | 69 63 68 0d 0a 68 61 73 |tion, wh|ich..has|
|00000450| 20 62 65 65 6e 20 6c 69 | 6e 6b 65 64 20 74 6f 20 | been li|nked to |
|00000460| 73 6b 69 6e 20 63 61 6e | 63 65 72 73 20 61 6e 64 |skin can|cers and|
|00000470| 20 63 61 74 61 72 61 63 | 74 73 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 | catarac|ts..... |
|00000480| 20 20 20 54 68 65 20 48 | 65 6c 73 69 6e 6b 69 20 |   The H|elsinki |
|00000490| 61 63 63 6f 72 64 20 63 | 61 6c 6c 73 20 6f 6e 20 |accord c|alls on |
|000004a0| 69 6e 64 75 73 74 72 69 | 61 6c 69 7a 65 64 20 63 |industri|alized c|
|000004b0| 6f 75 6e 74 72 69 65 73 | 20 74 6f 0d 0a 63 72 65 |ountries| to..cre|
|000004c0| 61 74 65 20 61 20 55 2e | 4e 2e 20 66 75 6e 64 20 |ate a U.|N. fund |
|000004d0| 74 68 61 74 20 77 6f 75 | 6c 64 20 68 65 6c 70 20 |that wou|ld help |
|000004e0| 74 68 65 20 64 65 76 65 | 6c 6f 70 69 6e 67 20 77 |the deve|loping w|
|000004f0| 6f 72 6c 64 20 61 64 61 | 70 74 0d 0a 74 6f 20 6c |orld ada|pt..to l|
|00000500| 69 66 65 20 77 69 74 68 | 6f 75 74 20 43 46 43 73 |ife with|out CFCs|
|00000510| 2c 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 | 61 72 65 20 75 73 65 64 |, which |are used|
|00000520| 2c 20 61 6d 6f 6e 67 20 | 6f 74 68 65 72 20 74 68 |, among |other th|
|00000530| 69 6e 67 73 2c 20 61 73 | 0d 0a 72 65 66 72 69 67 |ings, as|..refrig|
|00000540| 65 72 61 74 6f 72 20 63 | 6f 6f 6c 61 6e 74 73 20 |erator c|oolants |
|00000550| 61 6e 64 20 62 6c 6f 77 | 69 6e 67 20 61 67 65 6e |and blow|ing agen|
|00000560| 74 73 20 66 6f 72 20 6d | 61 6b 69 6e 67 20 70 6c |ts for m|aking pl|
|00000570| 61 73 74 69 63 0d 0a 66 | 6f 61 6d 2e 20 4a 75 73 |astic..f|oam. Jus|
|00000580| 74 20 68 6f 77 20 74 68 | 69 73 20 77 6f 75 6c 64 |t how th|is would|
|00000590| 20 62 65 20 64 6f 6e 65 | 20 77 61 73 20 6e 6f 74 | be done| was not|
|000005a0| 20 73 70 65 63 69 66 69 | 65 64 2e 20 53 74 69 6c | specifi|ed. Stil|
|000005b0| 6c 2c 0d 0a 4e 6f 72 77 | 61 79 27 73 20 45 6e 76 |l,..Norw|ay's Env|
|000005c0| 69 72 6f 6e 6d 65 6e 74 | 20 4d 69 6e 69 73 74 65 |ironment| Ministe|
|000005d0| 72 20 53 69 73 73 65 6c | 20 52 6f 6e 62 65 63 6b |r Sissel| Ronbeck|
|000005e0| 20 61 6e 6e 6f 75 6e 63 | 65 64 20 74 68 61 74 20 | announc|ed that |
|000005f0| 68 65 72 0d 0a 63 6f 75 | 6e 74 72 79 20 77 6f 75 |her..cou|ntry wou|
|00000600| 6c 64 20 63 6f 6e 74 72 | 69 62 75 74 65 20 30 2e |ld contr|ibute 0.|
|00000610| 31 25 20 6f 66 20 69 74 | 73 20 67 72 6f 73 73 20 |1% of it|s gross |
|00000620| 6e 61 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c | 20 70 72 6f 64 75 63 74 |national| product|
|00000630| 2c 20 6f 72 0d 0a 61 62 | 6f 75 74 20 24 38 38 20 |, or..ab|out $88 |
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|00000690| 69 6d 65 74 61 62 6c 65 | 20 66 6f 72 20 6d 65 65 |imetable| for mee|
|000006a0| 74 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 | 0d 0a 6f 7a 6f 6e 65 20 |ting the|..ozone |
|000006b0| 74 68 72 65 61 74 2c 20 | 65 6e 76 69 72 6f 6e 6d |threat, |environm|
|000006c0| 65 6e 74 61 6c 69 73 74 | 73 20 68 6f 70 65 20 74 |entalist|s hope t|
|000006d0| 68 61 74 20 67 6f 76 65 | 72 6e 6d 65 6e 74 73 20 |hat gove|rnments |
|000006e0| 77 69 6c 6c 20 74 75 72 | 6e 0d 0a 74 68 65 69 72 |will tur|n..their|
|000006f0| 20 61 74 74 65 6e 74 69 | 6f 6e 20 74 6f 20 6d 6f | attenti|on to mo|
|00000700| 72 65 20 69 6e 74 72 61 | 63 74 61 62 6c 65 20 65 |re intra|ctable e|
|00000710| 63 6f 6c 6f 67 69 63 61 | 6c 20 70 72 6f 62 6c 65 |cologica|l proble|
|00000720| 6d 73 2e 20 41 74 20 74 | 68 65 0d 0a 48 65 6c 73 |ms. At t|he..Hels|
|00000730| 69 6e 6b 69 20 63 6f 6e | 66 65 72 65 6e 63 65 2c |inki con|ference,|
|00000740| 20 57 65 73 74 20 47 65 | 72 6d 61 6e 79 27 73 20 | West Ge|rmany's |
|00000750| 45 6e 76 69 72 6f 6e 6d | 65 6e 74 20 4d 69 6e 69 |Environm|ent Mini|
|00000760| 73 74 65 72 20 4b 6c 61 | 75 73 0d 0a 54 6f 70 66 |ster Kla|us..Topf|
|00000770| 65 72 20 64 65 63 6c 61 | 72 65 64 20 74 68 61 74 |er decla|red that|
|00000780| 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 78 | 74 20 75 72 67 65 6e 74 | the nex|t urgent|
|00000790| 20 74 61 73 6b 20 69 73 | 20 74 6f 20 70 75 74 20 | task is| to put |
|000007a0| 6c 69 6d 69 74 73 20 6f | 6e 0d 0a 74 68 65 20 65 |limits o|n..the e|
|000007b0| 6d 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 20 | 6f 66 20 63 61 72 62 6f |mission |of carbo|
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|000007d0| 74 68 61 6e 65 2c 20 77 | 68 69 63 68 20 61 72 65 |thane, w|hich are|
|000007e0| 20 62 65 6c 69 65 76 65 | 64 0d 0a 74 6f 20 62 65 | believe|d..to be|
|000007f0| 20 63 6f 6e 74 72 69 62 | 75 74 69 6e 67 20 74 6f | contrib|uting to|
|00000800| 20 70 6f 74 65 6e 74 69 | 61 6c 6c 79 20 64 61 6e | potenti|ally dan|
|00000810| 67 65 72 6f 75 73 20 67 | 6c 6f 62 61 6c 20 77 61 |gerous g|lobal wa|
|00000820| 72 6d 69 6e 67 2e 0d 0a | 0d 0a                   |rming...|..      |
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